A Rose For Emily By William Faulkner - 976 Words

The way that â€Å"A Rose for Emily† fits into the genre of Southern Gothic literature is obvious in the mood of the story. The mood of this story has a rather volatile, grim setting with the house that is deteriorating and the festering body. This exhibits the struggle that the character Miss Emily is facing against a society that is rather oppressive. From staying the same for years, to avoiding modern amenities, Miss Emily could be assumed to represent tradition. The story even states, â€Å"Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care† (Faulkner 714). Miss Emily seems to live in her own world by isolating herself from many. This was obvious when she refused the numbers that were put on her house when the town finally starts using the modern mail service that delivered for free. The story states, â€Å"she would not listen to them† (Faulkner 714). It can be assumed that Emily was so stuck in the past that denied that time was passing and that so many things had progressed and changed so significantly; therefore, leading her to not participate in the changes that the town is experiencing. Much of the town is unable to comprehend Emily’s actions very well because they are so eccentric. She does not believe she owes taxes and refuses to pay them because of this belief. The story states, â€Å"I have no taxes in Jefferson. Colonel Sartoris explained it to me. Perhaps one of you can gain access to the city records and satisfy yourselves† (Faulkner 415). This is another sign that she isShow MoreRelatedA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner923 Words   |  4 PagesA Rose for Emily; A Tale of The Old South William Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi in 1897 but lived most of his life in Oxford, a small town nearby. After dropping out of high school then briefly joining the Canadian Air Force, he returned home and completed three terms at the University of Mississippi (Fulton 27). During his early twenties Faulkner spent time in New Orleans and Europe before returning to Oxford and publishing his first book of poems. In 1929 he married Estelle FranklinRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1729 Words   |  7 PagesJune 24, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† In every neighborhood there is always that one house that is a mystery to everyone. A house that everyone wants to know about, but nobody can seem to be able to dig up any answers. It’s the type of place that you would take any opportunity or excuse to get to explore. The littler that is known, the more the curiosity increases about this mysterious place or person. In the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, this mysterious person is Emily Grierson, andRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner949 Words   |  4 PagesIn William Faulkner’s â€Å"A Rose for Emily† it is clear how Emily’s gender affects how the individuals in the town perceive her. Emily’s gender particularly affects how men understand her. Throughout the whole piece Emily is seen as a helpless individual who is lonely and has suffered losses throughout her life. When the reader reaches the end of the story the actions that Emily has taken is unexpected because of the way she is perceived by the narrator. In the beginning of the story, when the wholeRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1577 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"A Sarah Markins Dr. Bibby ENG 107 February 11, 2015 â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, written by William Faulkner in 1931, follows a series of peculiar events in Miss Emily Griersons life. Written in third person limited, Faulkner utilizes flashbacks to tell of the period between the death of Emily’s father and her own passing. Split into five short sections, the story starts out with the townspeople of Jefferson remembering Emily’s legacy and how each new generation ofRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1552 Words   |  7 PagesRyan Dunn Mrs. Williams English 11 March 11, 2016 In the short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† by William Faulkner, the reader is given a glimpse of the internal conflict of the main character, living in the past, and the involvement of an over involved society causing the reader to look into the consciousness of an individual haunted by a past and lack of a future. The story is set in a post-Civil War town in the South. He is able to give the reader a glimpse of the practices and attitudes that had unitedRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1507 Words   |  7 Pages1897, William Cuthbert Faulkner was born in New Albany, Mississippi. He stands as one of the most preeminent American writers of the twentieth century. His literary reputation included poetry, novels, short stories, and screenplays. Faulkner won two Pulitzer Prizes for Fiction and the Nobel Prize in Literature. â€Å"A Rose for Emily† is a short fascinating story written by William Faulkner and it was his first short story published in a national m agazine. The story involved an old woman named Emily GriersonRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner883 Words   |  4 PagesIn the timeless classic, â€Å"A rose for Emily† by William Faulkner we are introduced to Emily Grierson, a matured sheltered southern woman; born to a proud, aristocratic family presumably during the American Civil War. Through out the short story William Faulkner uses many literary devices such as symbolism, metaphors and allegory to play with â€Å"time† and how time reflects upon his main character Emily Grierson. Emily being one who denies the ability to see time for what it is linear and unchangeableRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1270 Words   |  6 PagesWilliam Faulkner’s short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† thoroughly examines the life of a strange woman name Emily Grierson who lives in the town of Jefferson. If we examine â€Å"A Rose for Emily† in terms of formalist criticism, we see that the story dramatizes through setting, plot, characterization, and symbolism on how Miss Emily’s life is controlled by a possessive love she had for her father and lover. William Faulkner uses Emily’s life as the protagonist to examine from a formalist aspect. In orderRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1780 Words   |  8 PagesIn 1930, William Faulkner wrote a five-part story entitled â€Å"A Rose for Emily† that follows the life of a young woman named Miss Emily Grierson. Faulkner sets his story in the Old South, soon after the ending of America’s Civil War, and represents the decaying values of the Confederacy (Kirszner Mandell, 2013a, p. 244). One of these values which the text portrays quite often in â€Å"A Rose for Emily†, is the patriarchal custom of society viewing men as having more importance than their female counterpartsRead MoreA Rose For Emily By William Faulkner1277 Words   |  6 PagesMiss Emily Grierson, the main character in the strange short story â€Å"A Rose for Emily† written by William Faulkner. It would be best to examine her in a mental capacity as well as the circumstances that may affect her. Throughout the story, Miss Emily’s unpredictable and eccentric behavior becomes unusual, and the reader, like the townspeople in the story, is left to speculate how Miss Emily has spent years living and sleeping with the body of Homer Barron. An important quote from the story was that

A Summary of the National Response Framework Essay

A Summary of the National Response Framework Amber Cotà © Pikes Peak Community College Abstract The purpose of this paper is to become acquainted with the evolution of national incident response over the last twenty years in America; and henceforth, gain a better understanding of the current multi-agency/multi-discipline approach to national disasters and emergencies. This summary briefly reviews the history of federal planning documents over the past twenty years as context for the present day, National Response Framework; and then highlights the response doctrine and its five principles, as it seems to encapsulate the National Response Framework overall. â€Å"Response doctrine†¦show more content†¦(NFP, January 2008, page 2 and 12) The NRP formed the basis for how the federal government would coordinate with state, local and tribal governments and the private sector during the response to a national incident. It was the cornerstone for the eventual maturation to the National Response Framework. The NRP brought together best practices from a range of disciplines including: homeland security, emergency management, law enforcement, firefighting, public works, public health and the private sector and integrated them into one unified structure. This unified structure provided the ability to coordinate federal support to state, local and tribal incident managers. (NFP, January 2008, page 12) President Bush’s Homeland Security Presidential Directive Number 5 also ordered the development of the National Incident Management System (NIMS), which continues to bring together federal, state, local and tribal emergency responders into a single system for managing incidents. The NIMS enables responders at all levels to work together more effectively to manage domestic incidents no matter what the cause, size or complexity. (Homeland Security Under Secretary Kicks Off National Response Plan Workshops In D.C. April 15, 2005) The National Response Plan was then renamed the National Response Framework in 2008, to better align the documentShow MoreRelatedA Research Study On Regulatory Environment766 Words   |  4 PagesThe State TBLCP manages TB activities at the state level and ensures TB interventions are implemented with the framework of the National guideline. †¢ Quarterly TB data collected from the state TBLS is collated, analyzed and findings are disseminated to the Federal and Local Governments, as well as partners within the state. †¢ There is no policy requiring PHP to notify the state or national level on TB cases †¢ There is no policy on the regulation on the sale of anti TB drugs in the non-public sectorRead MoreWhy Marijuana Should Be Legal1379 Words   |  6 Pagesthe National Drug Strategy 2016-2025 cannabis is mentioned as a priority drug as it is the most common used illegal drug (Intergovernmental Committee on Drugs 2015). As the recent news that the Australian government is planning to legalise growing of medical cannabis there a gap in the policy of how to regulate medical cannabis and cannabis used as an illicit drug (Yaxley 2015). Collins’s simple tool for policy making The theoretical framework that is used in this paper is Collins’s framework, whichRead MoreStatutory Frameworks, Code Of Practice And Guidance Regulating The Service Provision987 Words   |  4 Pagessocial care setting. There are many statutory frameworks, code of practice and guidance regulating the service provision in health and social care setting. The local Authority Social Service and National Health Service (England) Complains regulation 2009 (amendments) is the statutory regulation provide guidance on local authority in terms of how to manage complain. The Local authority here refers local council, and the National Health Service refers national public hospitals in the England. 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Four Phases of Emergency Response Plan There are reported to be four phases of an emergency response plan including the phases of: (1) Preparedness; (2) Mitigation; (3) Response; and (4) Recovery. (ALN Magazine, 2012, p.1) The preparedness and planning stages involves preparations that are needed to deal with an emergency or disaster including writtenRead MoreBOFFI (A): MANAGING INTERNATIONAL IN LUXURY GOODS Essay3354 Words   |  14 Pages 2 Executive Summary – Setting of Context. (to be no more than one page) Ability to effectively present the aim of the management brief. Giving a clear structure of the brief and arguments with an explicit identification of areas of analysis and evaluation supported by relevant background information of the case study organisation INADEQUATE LIMITED ACCEPTABLE PROFICIENT ACCOMPLISHED EXEMPLARY Very brief attempt at an Executive Summary. 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The emerging accounting problems were not being investigated and solved quickly enough by the part-time members. (Schroeder Cathey, 2010, p. 8) The Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Due to the growing criticism of the AccountingRead MorePhysical Activity in Primary School Children Essay1559 Words   |  7 Pageseffort across all sectors of the community including teachers, schools, GP’s, education and local government authorities, non- government agencies and the wider public, voluntary and community sectors, parents and carers, (Bauman et al, 2002). A national approach of mixed strategies is thought to yield optimal results in reducing the incidence of obesity at the population level. 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Impact of the American Culture Free Essays

Impact of the Popular American Culture Melinda A. Valdez Soc. 105 March 17, 2010 Impact of the American Culture There are many advertisements being held by the media and television commercials that affect the American culture. We will write a custom essay sample on Impact of the American Culture or any similar topic only for you Order Now They do not just affect the adults but the children as well for instants, this week my children and I were watching the Disney channel and we saw a commercial of Chucky Cheese and right away my children say they want to go there, so to satisfy my children now I want to take them there so they could enjoy themselves and now I am going to have to spend money that I was not planning on and it might not even be that exciting to them as it was shown on TV. In the past three days not only was I coming across kid commercials but make up products, red lobster, and movies that are just coming out, and when you see these they encourage you to go out and get them. These advertisements are not things that I have to have in life to survive; they are stuff to pleasure me and to entertain me as well. Personally I know that the media has impacted my lifestyle in many ways even though I am aware of the influence it has on my decision making. For example, the makeup commercials, do I need the makeup more likely no but I see the commercial and see what it might make your skin look like and even though I know that they are doing it to sale there product it just looks so good that I have to try it. I honestly think I have more luxury in my house than what I really do need. Such as my television it is a sixty two inch do I really need a TV that big, no but it looks nice. Overall I do think that the media and advertising has a big impact on our American culture and yes we can say no to advertisements but we are more likely not to. How to cite Impact of the American Culture, Papers

Early American Literature free essay sample

Through literary analysis, the audience Is able to trace the dominant themes of opportunity and religion that contribute to American values in literature from the earliest letters and narratives by exploration and alongside, through the Puritan period, to the Age of Reason. Puritan ethics are prevalent throughout early American literature, stemming from the Puritans themselves, and continuing into and beyond 19th century literature. Puritans such as John Winthrop, governor and community leader, wrote many stories which religion was emphasized.In one of his most famous works, A Model of Christian Charity, Winthrop prepares the people for planting a new society In a perilous environment. His belief along with other Puritans is that God had a preordained plan (Winthrop 7) for everyone. They believed that they were the covenant people, and that hard work, spiritual health, and self-reliance would lead to eternal salvation. These religious beliefs would later become known as the Puritan ethic, and would continue to Influence the authors of early American society. We will write a custom essay sample on Early American Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Literary works from the colonial period were written primarily to teach, preach the Gospel, praise God and examine religion. It was believed that through these teachings and divine revelation, God will have a heavy affliction and positive affect on the people and the land on which hey settled (Winthrop 75). This would in turn make the new world a pure and holy society. Other authors such as William Bradford and Anne Broadsheet (the first published female American author), wrote on religion, Puritans views, and Gods influence on early colonial society.During the Journey across the seas to the new land, many of the Separatist encountered many trials and tribulations, one of those being a horrible storm. Through Gods mercy and goodness and love they were able to survive the storms and safely make It to the new world. Bradford 61). The Puritan ethic emerged from the rhetoric and beliefs that God and Love Is the bond of perfection (Winthrop 80) of the early writers of America.These ethics and morals would continue to influence many writers in early American literature as they explored the value of religion, and its place in the world. Along with being a nation that was being built on the principles and beliefs of the Pilgrims and Puritans, America was seen as a safe haven from the corrupt rule of the British King and a land of opportunity and chance. Occurred was an exceptional addition to the world of American literature and this was even more obvious with publishing of his extraordinary works.Through a series of letters, he illustrates the idealized version off free society. A place where man is free, (Occurred 31 1) a country where the government Initially had no bread (Occurred 313) to feed Its citizens, but who would eventually morph Into a country of riches and wealth. Initially the new world was a place that was very poor and had very little to offer to Its citizens, but over time as able to become a more advanced and developed place for opportunity.Even discrepancies in the society. We often credit the Europeans for colonizing America, even though the Indians were the first to occupy the land. Many stories and narratives from the Colonial Age where written from the perspectives of European settlers which in turn gave our current society a skewed view of the early Native Americans. European authors would often refer to Native Americans as savage or animals who shouted and hallowed (Rowland 119) since of civilization.Along with being misunderstood as a culture, and having their homeland now occupied by European settlers, the Native Americans faced many other issues in which their society would be changed for ever. Red Jackets Speech to the U. S. Senate moreover is one that is a great example of how the Native American society wished to remain the way they were and continue in their ceremonious rituals such as celebrating their religion because they do not know of the Great Spirit that the white people serve (Red Jacket 215).The Age of Reason which began in the 18th century presents common deistic arguments; for example, it highlights the corruption of the Christian Church and criticizes its efforts to acquire political power. Thomas Paine advocates reason in the place of revelation, leading him to reject miracles and to view the Bible as an ordinary piece (Paine 329) of literature rather than as a divinely inspired text. The Age of Reason is not atheistic, but Deistic: it promotes natural religion and argues for a creator God (imagine of a clock maker).This age is here rational thinkers n which literary geniuses, such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Paine, and Thomas Jefferson brought to the forefront the ideas and beliefs that everything has a rational explanation. In Common Sense, Thomas Paine argues for American independence. His argument begins with more general, theoretical reflections about government and religion, and then progresses onto the specifics of certain colonial situations. In conclusion the early American literature, its authors, and the great mind of the Colonial Age and the Age of Reason have helped to shape the land of opportunity that we call America. Early American Literature free essay sample Although it was a product of Europe in its beginnings, America came into its own as a nation with literary prestige as it grew more independent from Its European roots. Before the age of colonization, in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, America was uncharted territory. It was fresh, new, and relatively unclaimed. Because of its novelty and unfamiliarity, the first pieces of American literature were travel narratives written by Europeans who were exploring the New World.According to Dry. Watson in her lecture titled, Early Colonization, these travel rarities were written by explorers who discussed the perils of ocean passage, described the new terrain in comparison to Europe, gave advice to others who wished to brave the New World, and critiqued earlier reports (Watson). One such travel narrative is A True Relation of Virginia, which was written in 1608 by John Smith, a settler, and later a leader, In one of the Southern settlements, Jamestown. We will write a custom essay sample on Early American Literature or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In this narrative, John smith discusses the potentials of the rich American plenty, and emphasizes adventure along with his formidable encounters with the American Indians (Roland 7). Travel narratives were products of the Europeans because they were written by European explorers and requested by the European people, who financed and encouraged these trips In order to reap the benefits. However, these travel narratives are still considered somewhat American because they were written by those that explored America. Another form of early American literature is the didactic, religious, and plain writings of the Puritans.Puritanism is a protestant sect of Charlatanry that agrees with many Calvinist teachings such as the belief In predestination and Gods providence (Roland 17). Early in the seventeenth century, two Puritan groups sought religious freedom by traveling to America. The separatist sect of the Puritans wanted to break away from the Church of England, so they boarded the Mayflower In 1 620, and settled In Plymouth, Massachusetts. Another Puritan sect wanted to purify the Church of England, but saw no way of doing so in England, so they boarded the Rubella in 1630, and settled in Massachusetts Bay.The Puritans wrote in many styles, but they mostly contained similar themes, such as nature being the second book of God, life being a test or a battlefield, and Ame rica Ewing a wilderness or a New Canaan (Watson). Some Puritans, such as John Winthrop, wrote Journals or diaries to reflect on their individual lives. Others, like 1 OFF to express their inner thoughts. Still others, such as William Bradford, wrote Jeremiads which called for a return to a lost purity; and some others, like Mary Rowland, wrote captivity narratives which documented the trials they suffered while being held captive (Roland 17).Another common Puritan genre was the sermon, such as John Winthrop A Model of Christian Charity, given aboard the Rubella in 1630. In this influential sermon, Winthrop charges those listening to be a city upon a hill, one that would stand as a lesson and beacon to the entire world (Roland 11). Although given by a European Puritan, this sermon exemplifies the American dream and the American desire to be set apart from its European predecessors. As the seventeenth century came to a close, the population in the colonies began to rise. According to Dry.Watson in her lecture titled Eighteenth- Century American Literature, the increase in population in the colonies caused an increase in diversity, secularism, and sectionalism as the eighteenth century began Watson). The increase in secularism was mainly due to the revolutionary ideas of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment was a movement motivated by reason and rationality, which began in Europe in the seventeenth century and spread to America by the eighteenth century. While the Age of Reason sparked many great changes in science and philosophy in Europe, it was largely a political movement in America.American thought was very much shaped by the ideas of natural law and individual liberty from European enlightened thinker, John Locke, so liberalism and progress increasingly became the appropriate ways to interpret the American Experience (Roland 38). The Enlightenment was a widespread movement that effected America at its very core with the writing of the Declarati on of Independence, a document that illustrates the Locked ideas of life liberty, and property and exemplifies the nations desire to be its own entity (Roland 38). Because of the great influence of the Enlightenment, many enlightened writers and thinkers even used their reason to argue for the American Revolution. Thomas Paine published a pamphlet in 1776 titled, Common Sense, where he embodied the voice of the revolution itself by logically arguing for it (Roland 57). One person that was greatly influenced by enlightened principles and ideas was Benjamin Franklin who was a Deist, a scientist, politician, American Founding Father, and even a literary critic (Roland 46).Franklin is what some would call a self-made American man because in his Autobiography, he describes his attempt to prove himself by going from rags to riches (Watson). In contrast to the Enlightenment, there was another movement exerting much influence as well, the Great Awakening. The Great Awakening was a religious movement that spread throughout the colonies by religious figures such as Jonathan Edwards, a theologian who wanted to reconcile faith with Enlightenment thought. J onathan Edwards gave many powerful sermons such as Sinners in the Hands of An Angry God and A Divine and Supernatural Light (Watson). Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin were both men who exemplified life in America in the eighteenth century and seemed to realize and sum up the changes [in] American thought and the variety within it (Roland 38). Although he was a European living in America, Occurred published Letters from an American Farmer, the first work that asks the question: What is an American? In this epistolary work, Occurred America by describing its mild government, agrarian society, and tolerance for religion (Watson).By the end of the eighteenth century, America was beginning to gain its own identity as a nation and also as one with literary prestige, but found itself caught between two contradictory claims: the need for literary independence and republican originality, and the hereditary tie for nourishing contact with the European cultural past (Roland 64). Towards the end of the eighteenth century, there was a shift from Enlightenment ideas to Romanticism because of the growing sense of individual ism in the new nation and the endless possibilities of the American landscape.According to Dry. Watson in her lecture titled Romanticism, the Enlightenment celebrated reason, wit, the society as a whole, and nature as law; while Romanticism celebrated emotion, imagination, the beauty of nature, and the individual (Watson). Washington Irving used the many Romantic themes in his innovative travel sketches and short stories, and was the first successful American author because he had an international literary reputation (Bam 25). Under the persona of Dietrich Knickerbockers, Irving penned the widely celebrated short story, Rip Van Winkle.In this short story, the character of Rip Van Winkle, an Englishmen living in America, falls asleep for twenty years and wakes up to a Post-revolutionary America (Bam 30-41). Irving uses the theme of change over time, especially the revolution and its impact, along with the romantic elements of the supernatural and nature. By employing these themes, Irving created a literature that was uniquely American and even linked nationalism to literature created in America (Watson). One aspect of Romanticism in America that separated it from its European counterparts was the concept of the American frontier.Cooper was among the most important writers of his time?a writer who helped chart the future course of American Fiction (Bam 62). In his famous Leathernecks Novels, Cooper creates the celebrated character of Natty Bumpy, the true image of what it meant to live life on the American frontier. One could either read them in the order of Natty life: The Deerstalker (1841), The Last of the Musicians (1826), The Pathfinder (1840), The Pioneers (1823), and The Prairie (1827); or one could follow the order of writing to see how Knottys image and Coopers view of fiction altered from book to book (Roland 97).In chapter three of The Pioneers, some of the people that were traveling to the West decided to slaughter pigeons for fun. Natty Bumpy was very troubled by this and said that he did not like how they shot at the pigeons in such a wicked manner (Bam 77). In his Leathernecks Novels, Cooper employs the Romantic themes of emotion and nature to idealize life on the American frontier and to stir up an appreciation for the beauty that nature has to offer.He also proved that literature in America could stand on its own by demanding respect and by fighting his literary nickname, The American Scott (Watson). Another way that American Romantic literature attempted to break away from its European roots was through Poetry. According to Dry. Watson lecture, Sentimental Poetry, most women were constrained, and felt like they could only write about a limited subject matter, such as the importance of domestic values (Watson).Lydia Sojourner, the most popular women poet of the early national and ante-bellum period, took many risks and broke out of the status quo of women writing sentimental poetry by attempting to fuse of her time, in both America and Europe, and wrote two thousand articles as well as published fifty-six books, fifty of which are volumes of verse (Watson). In Our Aborigines she employs the Romantic themes of the supernatural, emotion, and nature by personifying the forest, bringing up the Greek gods, and using words like hollow groan (Bam 116).In her poetry, and in Romantic poetry in general, nature and emotion act as teachers and guides. Sojourner is the perfect example of literature flourishing and coming into its own in America. In contrast to the American literary exemplar of Lydia Sojourner, some write rs such as Longfellow and Whittier, riding in the Boston Genteel Tradition, wished to remain closely knit to European style (Watson). Although evident in both European literature and American literature, the gothic concept of the sublime is unique in American literature because the American scenery is different from European. One author who employs the gothic style along with the grotesque and psychological is Edgar Allan Poe, a southern writer. Although Poe was from the South, he did not consider himself a Southern writer, according to Dry. Watson in her Lecture titled, Edgar Allan Poe (Watson). In the sorority of his works, Poe is difficult to understand because he uses supernatural elements along with natural and he uses grotesque elements along with psychological. This is evident in the short story, Algeria, which involves many supernatural and psychological elements.In some ways, Edgar Allan Poe does not fit with the American literary tradition because most of his stories do not even take place in America, but in the European Aristocracy. However, Edgar Allan Poe did set the tone for the modern detective story with his characters in The Purloined Letter of Duping (Roland 136). Although not a traditional author, Edgar Allan Poe did help to make the mystery story and the gothic one popular. Edgar Allan Poe exemplifies the ability of an American writer to gain popularity by mixing European and American themes in literature, while still remaining true to an American identity.From the European colonization of America to the post-revolutionary and expansive American frontier, writers in America attempted to create their own literary identity as they became less dependent on their European predecessors and focused more on their own development as a nation. Although never completely breaking apart from its European roots, as illustrated in the writings of Edgar Allan Poe, America developed into a nation with its own version of literary prestige with the works from authors such as Lydia Sojourner and James Feminine Cooper.